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According to the latest ADP report, private-sector employers in the United States added just 37,000 new jobs in May, marking a decline from 60,000 in April and reaching the lowest level in two years. While ADP data is typically interpreted with caution, many economists still anticipate that Friday’s official Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) report will reflect stronger employment growth.
President Donald Trump seized on this data to renew his criticism of the Federal Reserve for not lowering interest rates to support job creation. Some analysts argue that if the ADP figures are taken as an indicator, Trump’s tariffs may have impacted the labor market sooner than experts expected—though that remains a significant “if.”
ADP, a payroll services provider, announced on Wednesday that private employers added only 37,000 jobs in May, down from April’s 60,000 and the lowest number since March 2023. According to a survey of economists by Dow Jones Newswires and The Wall Street Journal, this figure falls well short of the expected 110,000 job increase.
If this sharp slowdown in job growth is mirrored in the government’s official report, it may indicate that businesses have drastically reduced hiring in response to the uncertainty caused by Trump’s frequently shifting trade policies. Forecasts have long predicted that higher inflation and slower job growth could result from trade conflicts. However, many experts believe the true effects will become visible in the summer, rather than being fully reflected in May’s data.
Additionally, many economists regard ADP as an imprecise leading indicator of the more comprehensive BLS report. Other labor market surveys have thus far shown greater resilience in employment conditions.
Oliver Allen, senior U.S. economist at Pantheon Economics, wrote: “As always, we recommend ignoring the headline message of the ADP jobs report, primarily because its recent track record has been very poor.” Analysts widely expect Friday’s BLS report to show that the labor market remained stable in May, with employers adding approximately 125,000 jobs.
Continuing his criticisms, Trump again used the ADP figures to attack Fed Chair Jerome Powell for not cutting interest rates this year. In a post on Truth Social, Trump compared the Fed to the European Central Bank, which has already lowered rates nine times. The Federal Reserve, in contrast, has maintained the federal funds rate at elevated levels since January, aiming to reduce inflation to its 2% annual target by keeping upward pressure on borrowing costs. This policy is being implemented amid persistent uncertainty about the broader economic impact of the tariffs.
Trump has repeatedly pressured the Federal Reserve to lower interest rates in order to reduce borrowing costs, stimulate economic growth, and prevent a potential recession. He wrote: “The ADP numbers are out!!! ‘Late’ Powell must cut rates now. He’s unbelievable!!! Europe has cut nine times!”
Meanwhile, the latest edition of the Federal Reserve’s Beige Book was released. Half of the Federal Reserve districts reported slight to moderate declines in economic activity, while three districts reported no change and three reported modest growth. All districts cited high levels of economic and political uncertainty. Reports on consumer spending varied. Home sales remained largely unchanged. While employment remained steady, hiring was conducted cautiously due to the uncertain outlook. Tariffs were reported to have caused moderate price increases, with rising costs increasingly passed on to consumers. Manufacturing activity was slightly weakened by tariffs, and businesses adopted a more cautious approach to investment.
